Chuyên Luận Dược Thư Y Khoa

Compositon/Ingredients: Losartan

Losartan which blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to the AT₁ receptor found in many tissues (e.g., vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland).

Tư vấn sử dụng thuốc Dược sĩ Alphabet Pharma

Các biệt dược lưu hành (Tên thương mại):

Indications

Hypertension, particularly in patients who develop cough with ACE inhibitors and to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.
Diabetic nephropathy (as serum creatinine is 1.3 – 3mg/dl in patients ≤ 60 kg and 1.5 – 3mg/dl in males > 60kg and proteinuria).
Heart failure and in myocardial infarction.

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to any of the active substance or excipients.

Dosage and administration

Hypertension:

Adults: 50mg once daily. The dose may be increased, if necessary, to 100mg daily as a single dose or in two divided doses.

Patients with intravascular fluid depletion, hepatic or renal impairment: An initial dose of 25mg once daily.

Children ≥ 6 years: An initial dose of 0.7mg/kg once daily, with a maximum of 50mg, adjusted according to response.

Nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients:

An initial dose of 50mg once daily, increased to 100mg once daily depending on the blood pressure.

Precaution

When used in pregnancy during the second and third trimesters, drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury and even death to the developing fetus. When pregnancy is detected, losartan should be discontinued as soon as possible.

Because of the potential for adverse effects on the nursing infant, a decision should be made whether discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

When driving vehicles or operating machinery it must be borne in mind that dizziness or drowsiness may occasionally occur when taking antihypertensive therapy, in particular during initiation of treatment or when the dose increased.

Losartan should be used with caution in patients with renal artery stenosis.

The reduced doses may be required in patients with renal impairment and should be considered in patients with hepatic impairment.

Patients with volume depletion (for examples those who have received high-dose diuretic therapy) may experience hypotension; volume depletion should be corrected before starting therapy, or a low initial dose should be used.

Since hyperkalaemia may occur, serum-potassium concentrations should be monitored, especially in the elderly and patients with renal impairment, and the concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics should generally be avoided.